Lady: Porovnání verzí
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'''LADY:''' | '''LADY:''' | ||
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− | '''Forms:''' | + | '''Forms:<ref>"lady, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press, September 2014. Web. 18 November 2014.<http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/105011?rskey=U6PS4l&result=1#eid></ref>''' |
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OE: hlæfdie, hlǣfdīge | OE: hlæfdie, hlǣfdīge | ||
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ME: leafdi, levedi → ladi, laddy, ladysse → lady | ME: leafdi, levedi → ladi, laddy, ladysse → lady | ||
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'''Etymological constituents:''' | '''Etymological constituents:''' | ||
Řádek 15: | Řádek 15: | ||
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- compare to: lord (hláfweard , bread-keeper) and servant (hláfǽta, bread-eater) | - compare to: lord (hláfweard , bread-keeper) and servant (hláfǽta, bread-eater) | ||
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− | '''Phonological development:''' | + | '''Phonological development:<ref>"lady, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press, September 2014. Web. 18 November 2014.<http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/105011?rskey=U6PS4l&result=1#eid></ref>''' |
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late OE and early ME: | late OE and early ME: | ||
Řádek 36: | Řádek 36: | ||
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- vowel lengthening in open syllable = two highest long vowels became diphthongs | - vowel lengthening in open syllable = two highest long vowels became diphthongs | ||
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− | '''Primary meaning:''' | + | '''Primary meaning::<ref>"lady, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press, September 2014. Web. 18 November 2014.<http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/105011?rskey=U6PS4l&result=1#eid></ref> ''' |
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- literally - "one who kneads the bread" | - literally - "one who kneads the bread" | ||
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- primarily - a mistress of a household, a woman who has an authority of the servants, lady of the house – now <br /> | - primarily - a mistress of a household, a woman who has an authority of the servants, lady of the house – now <br /> | ||
obsolete, saved in a term landlady, also a queen <br /> | obsolete, saved in a term landlady, also a queen <br /> | ||
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− | + | '''Other meanings:<ref>Harper, Douglas. Online Etymological Dictionary. Web. 17 Nov. 2014. <http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=lady&allowed_in_frame=0>.</ref>''' | |
− | '''Other meanings:''' | ||
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OE - as a title of the Virgin Mary, usually Our Lady, represents the Latin Domina Nostra | OE - as a title of the Virgin Mary, usually Our Lady, represents the Latin Domina Nostra | ||
Řádek 57: | Řádek 56: | ||
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since 1890 – an address to any woman | since 1890 – an address to any woman | ||
+ | <br /><br /> | ||
+ | '''References''': | ||
+ | <references/>. | ||
+ | <br /> | ||
+ | [[Kategorie: Články v angličtině|*]] |
Aktuální verze z 23. 12. 2014, 20:42
LADY:
Forms:[1]
OE: hlæfdie, hlǣfdīge
ME: leafdi, levedi → ladi, laddy, ladysse → lady
Etymological constituents:
- a similar original semantic motivation with lord
- hlāf (meaning "bread", "loaf") + a Germanic base dīge (unattested, the same Germanic base as the Gothic digan, to knead, "hníst" (př. těsto))
- compare to: lord (hláfweard , bread-keeper) and servant (hláfǽta, bread-eater)
Phonological development:[2]
late OE and early ME:
- the vowel ǣ – shortened and developed into ĕ and ă
- the second element of the compound, originally -dige, was reduced to -di
14th century:
- the final f → v by partial regressive assimilation
- later completely assimilated to d
from the early 14th century onwards:
- disyllabic word with stressed open syllable
- vowel lengthening in open syllable = two highest long vowels became diphthongs
Primary meaning::[3]
- literally - "one who kneads the bread"
- primarily - a mistress of a household, a woman who has an authority of the servants, lady of the house – now
obsolete, saved in a term landlady, also a queen
Other meanings:[4]
OE - as a title of the Virgin Mary, usually Our Lady, represents the Latin Domina Nostra
12th century – a woman of superior position in society
early 14th century - woman as an object of chivalrous love
1861 – a woman whose manners and sensibilities befit her for high rank in society
since 1890 – an address to any woman
References:
- ↑ "lady, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press, September 2014. Web. 18 November 2014.<http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/105011?rskey=U6PS4l&result=1#eid>
- ↑ "lady, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press, September 2014. Web. 18 November 2014.<http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/105011?rskey=U6PS4l&result=1#eid>
- ↑ "lady, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press, September 2014. Web. 18 November 2014.<http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/105011?rskey=U6PS4l&result=1#eid>
- ↑ Harper, Douglas. Online Etymological Dictionary. Web. 17 Nov. 2014. <http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=lady&allowed_in_frame=0>.
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